| Karpov, Anatoly Yevgenyevich | ||||||||||||||
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 | Biographical data |
| USSR player. International Grandmaster, 1970. International Master, 1969. World Champion, 1975-1985, 1997- European Junior Champion, 1967-8. World Junior Champion, 1969. USSR Champion, 1976, 1982, 1988. Biography by Bill Wall Anatoly Karpov was born in Zlatoust, Russia on 23 May, 1951. He learned the moves of chess around age 4 in the Zlatoust Pioneers Palace. By the time he was 11, he had become a candidate master. At age 12 he was accepted into Botvinnik's chess school in Moscow. At 13 he was the youngest player in the 1965 USSR Junior Championship, where he score 4.5 out of 8 in Moscow. In simultaneous exhibitions, he drew Korchnoi and Spassky while still 13 years old. In 1965 his family moved to Tula, Russia. In January, 1966 he took 6th place in the USSR Junior Championship im Moscow. In August, 1966 he became Russia's youngest master at 15 years, 2 months. He participated in his first international chess tournament in December, 1966 when he played and won an invitational chess tournament in Trinec, Yugoslavia. In 1967 he took 5th in the USSR Junior Championship in Moscow. He won the European Junior Championship in Groningen, Netherlands in December 1967. In September, 1968 he entered the Mathematics and Mechanics Department at Moscow University. Semion Furman became his chess trainer during this period. In May, 1969 Anatoly transferred to the Economics Department at Leningrad University where he studied Economics, English, and Spanish. He also became interested in politics and at age 18, was elected delegate to the 17th Congress of the Comsomol and made member of the Central comittee. In August, 1969 he won the World Junior Championship in Stockhom, Sweden with a score of 10 out of 11. He thus became an International Master at age 18. In June, 1970 he tied for 4th place at an international tournamnent in Caracas, Venezuela, gaining a Grandmaster norm. He was awarded the Grandmaster title at the 1970 FIDE Congress in Siegen in September, 1970 at the age of 19. He was the world's youngest Grandmaster. In January, 1971 his FIDE rating was 2540. In September, 1970 he took 4th place in the 39th USSR Championship in Leningrad. In November he tied for first with Stein in the Alekhine Memorial in Moscow. In December he tied for first with Korchnoi in Hastings 1969-70. In 1972 Anatoly's FIDE rating was 2630. In November, 1972 he tied for first with Petrosian and Portisch at San Antonio. Karpov finished his school work at Leningrad State University. His thesis was entitled: "Spare time and its economic significance under Socialism." There is no mention of chess. In 1973 Karpov's FIDE rating was 2660. He took 2nd at Budapest in February, 1973. He then tied for first with Korchnoi at the Leningrad Interzonal in June. He tied for 2nd in the 41st USSR championship in Moscow in October. In November, he took first place at Madrid. He won the 1973 chess Oscar and was voted one of the top 10 sportsmen of the year in Russia. In 1974 Karpov's FIDE rating was 2700. He defeated Polugaevsky, Spassky, and Korchnoi in the Candidates matches in 1974. In June hs score 12 out of 14 in the Nice Olympiad for a gold medal and top board one. Karpov became the offical challenger for Bobby Fischer for the world chess championship. He won the chess oscar for 1974. On April 24, 1975 Anatoly Karpov was formally crowned the 12th World Champion when Fischer declined to defend his title. Karpov's FIDE rating was 2705. In June he won the 3rd Vidmar Memorial in Yugoslavia. He won the chess oscar for 1975. In February, 1976 he won at Skopje. In May he won at Amsterdam. In July he took 2nd place in Manila, then won at Montilla, Spain in August. In November he won the 44th USSR Championship in Moscow. He won the chess oscar for 1976. In 1977 Karpov won at Bad Lauterberg, Las Palmas, Bristol, and Tilburg. He won the chess oscar for 1977. In 1978 Karpov's rating had risen to 2725. In February he won at Bogojno, Yugoslavia. In July he defended his world championship title against Viktor Korchnoi in Baguio City, Philippines. Karpov won with 6 wins, 21 draws, and 5 losses. In 1978 Karpov won the Soviet Union Sportsman of the Year and was personally decorated by USSR President Breshnev. In 1979 Karpov won at Montreal, Waddinxveen, and Tilburg. All three events were Category 15 events (average rating over 2600). He won the chess oscar for 1979. In 1980 he won at Bad Kissingen, Bogojno, Amsterdam, and Tilburg. He won the chess oscar for 1980. In 1981 Karpov won at Linares and Moscow. In October, 1981 he defended his world championship title again to Korchnoi, this time in Merano, Italy. He won the match with 6 wins, 10 draws, and 2 losses. He won the chess oscar for 1981. In 1982 he won at London, Hamburg, and Tilburg. In April, 1983 he won the 50th USSR Championship. He won at Hanover and Tilburg later that year. In 1984 Karpov won at Oslo and London. In September, 1984 he started his marathon world championship match with Garry Kasparov. The match was for the first to win 6 games. After 5 wins, 40 draws, and 3 losses, FIDE President Campomanes stopped the match after 5 months of play. Karpov won the chess oscar for 1984. In August, 1985 Karpov won at Amsterdam before resuming his rescheduled world championship match with Kasparov. This time Kasparov won as Karpov won 3 games, drew 16 and lost 5. This time the match was limited to 24 games and played in Moscow. In 1986 Karpov won at Brussels and Bugojno before he started a rematch with Kasparov in July. Karpov again lost to Kasparov in London/Leningrad, winning 4 games, drawing 15 games, and losing 5 games. In 1987 Karpov won at Amsterdam and Bilbao and defeated Sokolov to become challenger to the world championship. He again played Kasparov, in Seville, Spain in October. Kasparov retained his title by drawing it with 4 wins, 16 draws, and 4 losses. In 1988 Karpov won at Wijk aan Zee, Brussels, Tilburg, and the World Active Championship in Mexico. He tied with Kasparov the 1988 USSR Championship. In 1989 he won at Skelleftea and became the world championship challeger after defeating Hjartarson, Yusupov, and Timman (in 1990) in Candidates matches. In July, 1990 he won at Biel before starting he rematch with Kasparov in New York and Lyons in October, 1990. Kasparov again won the match, with a score of 12.5 - 11.5. In 1991 Karpov won at Reggio Emilia and Reykjavik and defeated Anand in a Candidates match. In April 1992 Karpov lost the semi-final Candidates match to Nigel Short, thus being eliminated from the FIDE world championship match. However, in 1993, both Kasparov and Short declined to play a world championship match under FIDE rules. FIDE forfeited Kasparov and Short as World Champion and Challenger in March, 1993. In September, 1993 Karpov defeated Jan Timman for the world FIDE championship. Karpov's FIDE rating was 2760. In March, 1994 Karpov won at Linares (average rating was 2685) and had a performance rating of 2985. In February, 1995 Karpov defeated Gelfand in the FIDE semi-final in India. In April he won at Monte Carlo. In December he won the category 17 tournament at Groningen. In July 1996 Karpov defeated Gata Kamsky for the FIDE world championship match, held in Elista, Kalmykia, Russia. He score 10.5-7.5. Karpov became the first millionaire playing chess. Before the Soviet Union broke up, he was a member of the Supreme Soviet Commission for Foreign Affairs and the President of the Soviet Peace Fund. Trivia by Bill Wall The first world champion to win the title without playing a chess match. He got the title in 1975 when Fischer refused to defend his title. Anatoly became a Candidate Master at the age of 11, a Master at 15, an International Grandmaster at 19, and world champion at 24. In 1978 he was named Soviet Union Sportsman of the Year and was personally decorated by President Breshnev. Karpov became World Champion before he became USSR Champion. He never scored worse than 4th place while world champion. No Soviet opponent has ever beat him outside the Soviet Union. He became the first millionaire playing chess. He is a member of the Supreme Soviet Commission for Foreign Affairs and the President of the Soviet Peace Fund. He is the first world champion to be born in Asia. He has the most complete collection of postage stamps on the topic of chess and specializes in stamps with reproductions of paintings. In 1989 a poll in the BRITISH CHESS MAGAZINE showed the Karpov was the world's most boring player, followed by Sammy Reshevsky. Karpov's diploma thesis at the Leningrad State University was entitled: "Spare time and its economic significance under Socialism." There is no mention of chess. Chess Career 1st European Junior 1967 1st World Junior 1969 1st Moscow 1971 1st Hastings 1971/72 1st San Antonio 1972 1st Leningrad 1973 1974 won candidate match for the World Championship K-Polugaevsky RUS +3=5, and K-Spassky RUS +4=6-1 Challenger to B. Fischer USA. No match then FIDE declared Karpov World champion in 1975. 1st Portoroz 1975 1st Amsterdam 1976 1st Skopje 1976 1st Montilla 1976 1st USSR championship 1976 1st Bad Lauterberg 1977 1st Las Palmas 1977 1st Tilburg 1977 World Champion in Baguio 1978. K-Korchnoi +6=21-5 1st Montreal 1979 1st Waddinxveen 1979 1st Tilburg 1979 1st Bad Kissingen 1980 1st Bugojno 1980 1st Tilburg 1980 1st Moscow 1981 World Champion in Merano 1981. K-Korchnoi +6=10-2 1st London 1982 1st Tilburg 1982 1st Turin 1982 1st USSR championship 1983 1st Hanover 1983 1st Tilburg 1983 1st London 1984 1st Oslo 1984 World championship Moscow 1984 K- Kasparov +5=40-3. Match was stopped by FIDE President F.Campomanes . 1st Amsterdam 1985 Lost the World title to Kasparov in 1986 +5=15-3 1st Brussels 1986 1st Bugojno 1986 1st equal Wien 1986 1st Amsterdam 1987 1st Bilbao 1987 Candidate finalist 1987 beat Sokolov, A. in Linares. 1st Brussels 1988 1st USSR championship Moscow 1988. Tied with Kasparov 1st Tilburg 1988 1st Wijk aan Zee 1988 1st Skelleftea 1989 1st Biel 1990 1990 Candidate finalist he beat Timman, J. cycle 1988-1990 Lost the title to Kasparov in New York and Lyon in 1990 1st Reggio Emilia 1991 1st Linares 1991 1991 won candidate semi final match against Anand, V. in Brussels for the cycle 1990/1993 1992 Lost candidate final to Short, N. +2=4-4 for the cycle 1990/93 1st Baden Baden 1992 1st Biel 1992 1st Moscow rapid 1992 1st Wijk aan Zee 1993 1st Dos Hermanas 1993 1993 World Champion beat Timman 12.5-8.5 in Holland and Indonesia 1st Tilburg 1993 1994 won a match against Campora 1.5-0.5 1994 won a match against Lautier 4-2 1994 won match against Morovic Fernandez 5-1 1st Linares 1994 1995 won candidate match against Gelfand, B +4=4-1 in India for the cycle 1993/95 1st Groningen 1995 1st equal Biel 1996 1996 won match against Kamsky World championship 6.5-3.5 in Elista 1st cap d'Agde 1996 1997 won match against Kotronias 2.5-1.5 in Athens 1st 1998 Lausanne 1st 1998 Cap d'Agde 1st 1998 Santiago 1st 1999 Monaco |
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